Preparing and treating textile material with fluids.



J. G. HEBDEN & I. H. DANIELL. A I. B. DAIIIELL, nxnoumnx or r. E. DANIELL, nno'n. PBEBARING AND TREATING TEXTILE MATERIAL WITH FLUIDS.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.21, 1909. 997,292. Patented July 11, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

[N565 I I y ATTORNEYS J. G. HEBDEN & I. H. DANIELL. ,u; 13. DANIBLL; nxnounrx or r. n. DAHIBLL, nnon, PREPARING AND TREATING TEXTILE MATERIAL WITH FLUIDS.

' 1 APPLICATION FILED JALZI, 1909 2 BHHETB BHEET-Bl Patented July 11,1911) A I INVENTOIFS ATTORNEYS I UNITED STATES PATENToEEIoE.

JOHN C. HEBDEN, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, AND FREDERICK E DANIELL, OE

FRANKLIN,,. NEW HAMPSHIRE; MARY ERICK H. DAE'IELL, DECEASED.

B. DANIELL EXECUTRIX OE SAID FRED- PREPARING AND TREATING TEXTILE MATERIAL. WITH FLUIDS,

To all whom 'it may concern: 1

Be it known that we, JOHN C. HEBDEN and FREDERICK H. DANIELL, citizens of the United- States, residing at Providence, in

the county of Providenceand State of Rhode Island, and Franklin, in the county of Merrimack and State of New Hampshire, re-

. spectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Preparin and Treating Textile Material with Fluids, of which the following is a specification;

Our invention relates to the art of dyeing or similarly treating textiles and consists of improvements in the method of preparing slubbing, sliver, roving, lap or tops for treat-' ment with fluids, and in the manner of com-1 pressing and confining the material for subjection to the action of liquors and gases in dyeing, mordanting, bleaching, steaming, scouring, washing and drying.-

The invention is fully set forth in the following specification, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view showing a plurality of packages or bundles of sliver or similar material arranged to be compressed to secure the proper uniform density of the whole mass for subjectionto the dyeing or other process; Fig. 2, a similar view showin another means for securing the desired e ect; Figs. 3 and 4, details of a part of the apparatus; Fig. 5, a sectional view showing the arrangement applied to a single package or bundle; Figs. 6, 7 and 8, further details of the construction of the apparatus.

Heretofore it has been found extremelydiflicult to dye or similarly treat textile materials of 'the class above specified. This variety of material is of such a nature that it becomes easily disintegrated in handllng and is too delicate in structure to resist the force of hydraulic pressure generally made use of in circulating dyeing processes. Un-.

less the material is-confined under pressure the fibers will be blown apart and separated to such an extent asto destroy the continuity of its structure. slight disarrangement or disturbance of the fibers will detract from the ultimate value of the yarn or thread for which the slubbing or roving is intended.

Materials of this class are usually wound into soft balls, packages or bundles for convenience in handling. We have discovered f or damaging its structure.

number of such bundles of sliver wound on.

Further, even a Specification of Letters Patent. Iatented uly 11, 1911. Application filed January 21, 1909. Serial No. 473,438.

a method of preparing these bundlesin such form as tobe susceptible of longitudinal compression and we have devised a method of confining the bundles of material under pressure to secure a uniform density of the whole mass to be treated, so that it can be subjected to the hydraulic force of fluids without disarranging the fibers ofmaterial Fig. 1 shows a porous, longitudinally compressible tubes.

T Thepackages A, A, etc., may be of the usual f slze and'the pervious tubes for supporting them- (represented by a,-a, etc.) are preferably of the form shown and describedin the patent application of Frederick H. Daniell, Serial No. 417,419, filed February 24th, 1908. These tubes or holders consist of flexible sleeves a of some suitable reticulated fabric, supported and distended in tubular form by a helical coil of wire a, or by any equivalent skeleton or ribbed framework which will allow the tube to be contracted along its axis. In place of the tubes above described holders of the form shown and described in our application for patent, Serial No. 427 ,37 9, filed April 16th, 1908, might be substituted. 1

In arranging the packages for the dyeing process We combine them in a series of any convenient number and build them up end to end with their central openings alining. We next apply a cylindrical, perforated covering such, for instance, as that shown in Figs. 3 and 4. and designated 12, to the outside of the bundles. Plates or flanges are next applied to the ends of the end packages and means are supplied for drawing the two plates 0 and 0 together to compress the material inside of the cylinder 5.

In Fig. l we have shown two rods e, 6 extending through holes in therims of the flanges and having the ends headed over on the face of the flange c and the opposite ends threaded to receive the hand-nuts f, f. The cylinder 6 is made shorter than the .Whole length of the series of assembled bundles so that the flanges o and 0 may be brought together to compress the material and force it within the cylinder. A pipe 9 is screwed into a bore in the flan e o with its opening leading into the opening in the center of the packages.

In Fig. 2the flanges c? and 0 are of such diameter as to adapt them to fit inside the cylinder 5. In place of the two rods 6, e we make use of a single rod h secured at one end in the pipe 2' and extending through the opening in the center of the packages. The opposite end of the rod it passes through a central hole in the flange 0 and the hand-nut j is adapted to be screwed down against the flange to force it against the end of the end package A and compress the series of packages between the two flanges.

In some cases the sliver or slubbing is wound into one long package or bundle having an axial length several times its diameter. In Fig. 5 we have shown such a package B wound on the long continuous tube or holder is of the same structure as that of the shorter holders, shown in Figs. 1

and 2. Fig. 5 shows the same arrangement for compressing this single package as is delineated in Fig. 2, and described in reference thereto.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show modifications in the structure of the cylinder b. It has been found more convenient to apply the cylinder to the packages after they havebeen arranged between the flanges and to facilitate this operation the cylinder may be made in two parts, either hinged along one side as shown in Fig. 7, or composed of two sections b and b which are separable and can be fastened together as shown in Fig. 8. In Fig. 7 the two sections are hinged at b and opposite the hinge the sections are formed into lips or flanges extending the length of the sections. Suitable bolts Z, Z are hinged in the lip 12 and adapted to enter slots in the lip b. By screwing down on the thumb-nuts m, m, etc. the two sections of the cylinder can be drawn together and secured. In Fi 8 we have illustrated the cylinder forme with lips on opposite sides of sections 12 and b and the same arrangement of bolts and thumb-nuts is used to draw the two parts of the cylinder together.

The above described arrangement, besides being more convenient for adjusting the cylinder, also provides for compressing the material radially'within the cylinder. If the bundles are first compressed longitudinally the pressure of the end flanges will cause them to extend in diameter. By a plying the cylinder and drawing the two ha ves together pressure can be exerted on the cylindrical surface of the mass to compress it radially inward. This insures that every portion of the mass is brought under confinement and compressed to an extent suflicient to give the required uniform density throughout.

The sliver or similar textile material is first wound on to thepervious, contractible tube, either in small undles of comparatively short length or in one long bundle having an axial length several times greater cannot than its diameter. The series of bundles A, A, etc., or the one long bundle B is then placed between the flanges c and c with the rod h extending through the central opening. The cylinder 1) is next applied to the outside of the cylindrical mass of material and if a seriesof bundles is being used the application of the cylinder will serve to bring the several packages into alinement so that their openings will make one continuous channel through the mass. The hand-nut j is next screwed down on to the rod 72. and the two flanges c and c are brought together to compress the material. The compression of the material is carried far enough to insure that all parts of the mass are of uniform density. In compressing the material the cylinder 1) will prevent the packages from bulging or being distorted in shape and the interior support or tube a will resist any tendency of the mass to collapse toward its center. In this way the material is so closely confined that the fibers will not be displaced or injured on account of the compression while, at the same time, the mass of material will be closely compacted and an even. density secured throughout every portion.

The alternative method of compressing the material consists in first drawing the end flanges together, after the bundles have been arranged in axial alinement (if a series is being treated) and then applying the twopart cylindrical covering and drawing the halves together to compress the mass radially. The dye-liquor or other fluid is forced into the mass through the pipe'z' and circulates through the interior channel in the packages. The hydraulic pressure causes the fluid to be forced radially outward from the central channel into the surrounding mass of material and it escapes through the perforations in the cylinder 6. Preferably this application of the fluid takes place within a vat or keir which surrounds the whole arrangement of cylinder and flanges and the solu- 'tion can be drawn-back through the material by exhausting through the pipe 6. With this latter process the fluid first flows through the perforations in the cylinder 12, thence through the material and escapes through the central. openin in the packages.

We are aware that materials of the character herein specified have hitherto been treated with fluids while confined under pressure, but before our invention it has never been possible toobtain suflicient compression of the material when it is wound into the cylindrical packages or bundles. If the material is wound on rigid tubes or holders the mass cannot be compressed longitudinally of the holders so that all parts be brought to the same density.

With the usual method of simply stufling ing textile material of the classi specified,

ceases the material into a receptacle and pressing the cover down on the mass it has been found that some portions will be compacted more than others and, further, this method 5 is liable to injure the delicate structure of textiles of the class here described. .It is I impossible to bring such anindiscriminate mass to a uniform density throughout as there will be irregular interstices where the material is looped and coiled upon itself,

With our new improvement the material 1 is laid in regular coils which have a uniform contact throughout the bundles and provide that when the mass is subjected to pressure all portions will be compressed to a uniform density. The packages are so 0011- fined under treatment that the structure of 'the material cannot'be disturbed and the bundles retain their original character and conformation so that the treated material is in shape to be delivered for subsequent processes in the manufacture of thread or yarn.

What we claim is:

1. The within described process of treatconsisting in winding the material into bundles of'hollow form capable of being longitudinally compressed throughout, confining the mass of material radially, applying end pressure, to compress the material to secure a uniform densitygofrthe whole mass, and then passing a fluid radially through the mass.

'2. The within described process of treating textile material of the class specified with fluids, the same consisting in Winding the material into hollow cylindrical bundles capable of longitudinal compression, then arrangin a plurality of such bundles with their en s in contact and their openings alining, applyingend pressure to compress the material in the series of bundles to 'auniform density, applying radial pressure to the exterior of said bundles to compress and retain the material, mechanicall maintaining the central opening in said undles during compression and then passing fluid through the mass. v

3. The herein described process of treating material of the class specified with fluids, consisting in winding the" material in hollow longitudinally compressible packages, mechanically maintaining the central opening therein, applying end pressure to compress the whole mass longitudinally to a uniform density, confinin the mass radially, and passing a fluid through the mass. 4. The within described process of treating a column of textile material wound in package form with a centralopening, the parts of said column diifering in density, consisting in applying end pressure until all parts of said'column are of uniform den sity, mechanically maintaining the central opening through said column during com- .pression, confining the mass radially, and

6. The within described process of treat ing material of the class specified, the same consisting in forming the material into.

hollow cylindrical packages compressible throughout, confining the material to prevent radial expansion 9 and applying end pressure to bring all parts of the mass to a uniform density. I V In testimony whereof we afiix our slgnatures 1n presence of two wltnesses. 7

JOHN o. HEBDEN. '1 FREDERICK H. DANIELL.

Witnesses: I

CHARLES E. PEAKES, ALEX. YOUNG DAv1soN. 

